Smog chokes China as public, experts demand change

"More forceful measures need to be taken," said Ma Jun, a leading voice on China's environment.

Smog obscures buildings in Beijing. / Jason Fan, epa

BEIJING – China banned outdoor school sports and cookouts as it grappled with a fourth straight day of thick, choking smog, a pollution problem that a recent report says makes Beijing "barely suitable" for living.

Beijing maintained its orange pollution alert Monday, the second-highest level of an official warning and response system introduced nationwide last October. The city has been spraying streets with water to reduce dust in a severe smog attack that has made the Chinese capital's pollution 10 times the level considered safe by the World Health Organization.

"More forceful measures need to be taken," said Ma Jun, a leading voice on China's environmental crisis and director of the Beijing-based Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs.

Other areas in north and central China have been blighted by smog for days. A report by the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences concluded that the Chinese capital was "barely suitable" for living.

Ma said the government should ground its huge vehicle fleet and be prepared to take half of all cars off the streets as China did to bring back blue skies during the 2008 Summer Olympics.

If officials ever announce the "red" top-level alert, half of Beijing's cars are supposed to be automatically grounded.

The reliance on cheap high-sulfur coal as China's chief energy source and a lack of clean-coal technology are blamed for the extraordinary pollution plaguing China cities.

Ma welcomed a recent government agreement to disclose discharges by certain plants but noted that having tough laws on the books does not matter if they are ignored by authorities, as has been the case.

"Beijing has a huge budget to deal with the problem, but I am troubled by the gaps in our management system such as weak enforcement, so factories can still break discharge standards, even in these days," he said.

Beijing has not only shuttered barbecues but also restricted production output at factories and power plants.

In Hebei province, where smog from heavy industry drifts to adjacent Beijing, officials have begun demolishing expendable plants in polluting industries such as concrete. Despite its distinction as China's most polluted province, Hebei hopes to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games along with Beijing.

A top government adviser in China said the country must aggressively cut its reliance on coal, according to Bloomberg.

"China's pollution is at an unbearable stage," Li Junfeng, director general of the National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International Cooperation, said in Beijing. "It's like a smoker who needs to quit smoking at once; otherwise, he will risk getting lung cancer."

Every morning, Zhang Lequn, mother of a 9-year-old girl, checks her iPhone apps for the latest warnings on Beijing's air quality.

"I really wish we could move to places like Hainan province," an island in the South China Sea, said Zhang, 35, who notes that the U.S. Embassy's online air pollution reading is usually higher than the Chinese government statistic, as it was Monday.

"I'd rather believe the worse one," she said.

Continue reading: Smog chokes China as public, experts demand change

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Calum MacLeod, USA TODAY
Contributing: Sunny Yang